Abatewe urushinge rwa AstraZeneca mu Rwanda ruvugwaho guteza ingaruka bamerewe bate?

Minisiteri y’Ubuzima mu Rwanda, yatangaje ko mu bantu basaga 300 000 bamaze gukingirwa icyorezo cya Coronavirus hifashishijwe urukingo rwa AstraZeneca mu Rwanda, nta muntu n’umwe uragira ikibazo kiruturutseho.

Impungenge ku buziranenge bw’urukingo rwa AstraZeneca zatangiye ku itariki ya 7 Werurwe muri Autriche, ubwo umugabo wari waratewe urukingo rwa AstraZeneca yaje kwitaba Imana nyuma y’iminsi 10 aruhawe, bikaza kugaragara ko yagize ikibazo cyo kuvura kw’amaraso yipfunditse mu mwanya umwe, bikaza kumuviramo urupfu.

Nk’umuntu wari umaze igihe gito ahawe urukingo, inzego z’ubuzima muri Autriche zasuzumye niba mu byateye urupfu rwe nta gifite aho gihuriye n’urukingo yahawe, ndetse mu rwego rwo koroshya iperereza, baza gusaba ko urukingo rwa AstraZeneca rwaba ruhagaritswe gutangwa mu gihe cy’iminsi 14, kugira ngo iperereza rikorwe neza.

Mu buryo inkingo zitangwa, ibihugu byegeranye bishobora guhabwa urukingo rufite nimero imwe, kugira ngo byorohe mu gihe cyo kuzikwirakwiza. Ibihugu byahawe urukingo rwa AstraZeneca rufite nimero ABV5300 imwe n’iy’urwahawe Autriche, byahisemo guhagarika itangwa ry’urwo rukingo kugira ngo na byo bikore iperereza, na cyane ko hari abantu bagaragaje ibimenyetso byo kuvura kw’amaraso nk’ibyagaragaye kuri wa mugabo wo muri Autriche, kandi bari mu bihugu byahawe urukingo rufite nimero imwe na Austriche, birimo u Butaliyani na Danmark.

Nta kibazo AstraZenica irateza mu Rwanda

Minisitiri w’Ubuzima mu Rwanda, Dr. Ngamije Daniel, aganira na RBA yavuze ko mu bantu basaga 300 000 bamaze guhabwa urukingo rwa AstraZeneca mu Rwanda, nta baragaragaza ibibazo byo kwipfundikanya kw’amaraso.

Yagize ati “Uyu munsi wa none, mu bantu basaga 300 000 tumaze gukingira na AstraZenica, nta kibazo turabona”.

Yasobanuye ko inkingo u Rwanda rukoresha ari izemejwe n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima, OMS, ndetse ko zinasuzumwa zigeze mu Rwanda, kugira ngo harebwe niba koko zizewe ku rugero rwiza.

Kugeza ubu, OMS ikomeje gusaba ibihugu gukoresha urukingo rwa AstraZeneca kuko irufitiye icyizere.

Ubushakashatsi kuri uru rukingo bwatangiye

Kuri uyu wa Kabiri, OMS irakorana inama n’inararibonye zayo ndetse n’Ikigo Gishinzwe Imiti ku Mugabane w’u Burayi, EMA, kugira ngo bafatanyirize hamwe gusuzuma ubuziranenge bw’urukingo rwa AstraZeneca.

Minisitiri Ngamije yavuze ko amakuru ahari ari uko ‘urukingo rwa AstraZeneca rushobora gukomeza gukoreshwa’, ariko yongeraho ko inzego z’ubuzima zitegereje amakuru aza guturuka mu nama ya OMS izamara iminsi ibiri, akaba ari yo azashingirwaho mu kwemeza ikoreshwa ry’urukingo rwa AstraZeneca mu minsi iri imbere.

Ati “Imyanzuro izava muri izo nama izatanga umucyo ku kibazo uko giteye n’ingamba zafatwa n’uko twakwitwara kuri izi nkingo za AstraZeneca. Ibindi mu by’ukuri kwaba ari uguhimba no gushakisha amakuru ataranoga, twari dukwiye gutegereza tukareba ikiza kuva muri izo nama, kuko haraba hari impuguke zifite amakuru yose, turaza kugendera ku cyemezo baza gutanga”.

Dr Ngamije kandi yaboneho no kwibutsa ko hari ubwo habaho ‘amahurirane’ y’uko umuntu ashobora kuba asanganywe ikibazo cyo kuvura kw’amaraso, noneho cyazamuka amaze guterwa urukingo, bikitirirwa ko ari rwo rwamuteye icyo kibazo.

Ati “Hashohora kubaho ikintu cy’uko habaho amahurirane y’ibintu. Ese ubundi mu baturage muri rusange, ikibazo cyo kwipfundika kw’amaraso gisanzwe kiriho? Uri gusanga rero yaba mu bakingiwe n’abatarakingiwe, icyo kibazo gisanzwe kiriho, ntabwo kiri kwiyongera mu itsinda ry’abakingiwe. Kiramutse kiri kwiyongera mu itsinda ry’abakingiwe kurusha mu bandi baturage, ni bwo wavuga uti ‘rwa rukingo ruteye ikibazo’”.

Ni ibihe bihugu byahagaritse AstraZeneca?

Kugeza ubu, ibihugu 21 bimaze guhagarika ikoreshwa ry’urukingo rwa AstraZeneca. Ibyo bihugu birimo Suède , Latvia, u Bufaransa, u Budage, u Butaliyani, Espagne, Luxembourg, Chypre, Portugal, Slovenia, Indonesie, u Buholandi, Ireland, Bulgarie, Thailand, Romania, Iceland, Danmark, Norvège , Autriche na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), ari na cyo gihugu cyonyine cyo ku Mugabane wa Afurika kiri kuri uru rutonde.

Nta gihugu na kimwe kiratangaza ko gihagaritse gutanga AstraZeneca burundu, kuko mu bihugu byinshi, iri hagarikwa riramara iminsi 14 mu gihe ibindi bishobora guhita bikomeza gutanga izi nkingo ku wa Kane, ubwo Ikigo cy’u Burayi Gishinzwe iby’imiti, EMA, kizatangaza umwanzuro wa nyuma ku ikoreshwa rya AstraZeneca. RDC ni cyo gihugu cyonyine cyahagaritse itangwa rya AstraZeneca kitaranatangira gutanga urwo rukingo.

Ibihugu byinshi birimo nka Suède, byahagaritse urwo rukingo bitegereje amakuru azatangwa na EMA, atari uko bakoze igenzura ryerekana neza ko AstraZeneca iteje ikibazo koko.

Ibyiza by’urukingo biruta ububi bwabyo

Urukingo, kimwe n’indi miti itandukanye, bigira ingaruka nke ku mubiri. AstraZeneca, kimwe n’izindi nkingo ziri gutangwa si umwihariko, kuko nazo zigira ingaruka runaka ku muntu.

Minisitiri Ngamije yabwiye RBA ko nta gitangaza kirimo mu kuba urukingo rwagira ingaruka zoroheje ku mubiri w’uruhawe, ku buryo abantu badakwiye guterwa ubwoba n’izo ngaruka kuko urukingo rujya kujya ku isoko rwarakorewe isuzuma rihagije.

Yagize ati “Buriya kugira ngo urukingo rujye ku isoko, haba harabayeho ubushakashatsi ku bantu 60 000 kandi ubwo ari cyo cyiciro cya nyuma cy’ubushakashatsi, bararangije ibindi byo kureba niba rugira ingaruka ku mubiri […] noneho ukaza kubona ko abatewe urukingo bafite inyungu zo kuruterwa.”

Yongeyeho ko abatewe urukingo bitababuza kugira ibibazo runaka bahura na byo. Ati “Ibyo bimenyetso baba barabivuze, iyo uteye uru rukingo, ushobora kugira ibibazo ibi n’ibi, ntabwo babihisha rwose amakuru aba agaragara”.

Ku ruhando mpuzamahanga, icyizere cy’uko urukingo rwa AstraZeneca rukomorerwa vuba kiri hejuru, kuko amakuru avuga ko n’ubwo nyine uru rukingo rutangiye kwibazwaho na benshi, ariko akamaro karwo karuta ingaruka zarwo.

Peter Drobac wa Kaminuza ya Oxford yo mu Bwongereza yagize uruhare mu ikorwa ry’uru rukingo, yavuze ko ‘rwasuzumwe cyane mbere y’uko rutangira guhabwa abantu’ kandi ko ikibazo cyo kuvura kw’amaraso kitagaragajwe muri ayo masuzuma.

Yongeyeho ati “Ibyo guhagarika urwo rukingo, ndakeka ari ukwitonda kw’abashinzwe iby’ubuzima muri ibyo bihugu. Ariko twumvise ko OMS, EMA ndetse n’abandi, bavuga ko magingo aya, ibyiza by’urukingo biruta ingaruka zarwo”.

Icyizere kandi cyanagaragajwe na Perezida Emmanuel Macron w’u Bufaransa, wavuze ko bafunze uru rukingo by’igihe gito ariko bazahita barufungura “vuba” rugakomeza gutangwa.

AstraZeneca itangaza ko mu bantu miliyoni 17 batewe urwo rukingo ku Mugabane w’u Burayi, 37 gusa ari bo bagize cya kibazo cyo kuvura kw’amaraso, umubare muto cyane ku buryo utatuma urukingo rwose rutakarizwa icyizere. Ikindi kandi ubushakashatsi ntiburerekana niba icyo kibazo cyaratewe n’urukingo rwa AstraZeneca.

N’ubwo bititezwe, urukingo rwa AstraZeneca ruramutse ruhagaritswe byaba ari igihombo gikomeye mu rugamba rwo kurwanya Coronavirus cyane cyane mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere, kuko nko muri gahunda ya Covax izakingira abantu 20% by’abaturage batuye mu bihugu bikennye, inkingo miliyoni 336 zizaba ari izakozwe na AstraZeneca, mu gihe iza Pfizer zizaba ari miliyoni 40 gusa.