Amateka y’umuganura mu Rwanda

Umuganura ufite umwihariko mu mateka y’u Rwanda rwo hambere! Wari umuhango ukomeye kuko wari mu nzira z’ubwiru, ukagira intego yo kwibutsa Abanyarwanda ko bakwiye kuzirikana ko basangiye igihugu kimwe, umuco umwe n’indangagaciro zimwe.

Kuva mu muco wa kera no mu mateka y’igihugu, Umuganura ni umunsi mukuru ukomeye kandi wubahwa, wahabwaga agaciro gakomeye i bwami no mu muryango Nyarwanda muri rusange.

Umuganura wari umusaruro wa mbere w’imbuto zahinzwe, wakorerwaga ku mbuto za Gihanga ari zo amasaka, uburo n’inzuzi.

Kuganura kwari ugusubira ku isooko nk’Abanyarwanda, abaturage bakiyibutsa ko bahuje gakondo n’ibyiza byayo Imana yabahaye, bakayishimira. Ni yo mpamvu bayituraga igitambo mu byo yabahaye bahereye ku mbuto nkuru bejeje.

Ku rwego rw’igihugu Umuganura wayoborwaga n’Umwami afatanyije n’abanyamihango babugenewe mu gihe ku rwego rw’umuryango, umukuru wawo yawizihizanyaga n’abawugize bashimira Imana ibyiza yabahaye.

Imihango y’i bwami yari iyo guhuza Imana n’Igihugu, bagahuza ibikorwa by’idini n’imigenzo gakondo hamwe n’imirimo y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi.

Umuganura wizihizwaga ku mwero w’amasaka. Umunsi mukuru wawo watangiraga muri Kamena, ugasoza muri Nzeri, ugahera i bwami mbere yo gusesekara muri rubanda.

Baganuzaga Umwami amata, amasaka n’izindi mbuto nkuru ari zo uburo, inzuzi n’isogi ariko bakongeraho n’ibindi byose byabaga byeze muri icyo gihe.

Umwami yafataga umwuko agatangiza umuhango wo kuvugira umutsima rubanda baje kuganuza, akawuvuga apfukamye yerekana icyubahiro aha abo ayobora ndetse n’Igihugu.

Nyuma y’umuhango wo kuganura hakurikiragaho ibirori by’Umuganura byasozwaga n’igitaramo cy’imihigo. Muri ibyo birori, Umwami yamurikirwaga umusaruro unyuranye w’Abanyarwanda bavuye impande zose z’Igihugu, hakaba amarushanwa y’ indashyikirwa.

Kuri uwo munsi kandi, imiryango nayo yarateranaga maze umutware w’umuryango akayobora imihango n’ibirori byayikurikiraga.

  Umuganura wavomwe mu Rwanda rwo hambere…

Umuganura watangiye kwizihizwa mu kinyejana cya cyenda, uza kongera guhabwa imbaraga n’Umwami Ruganzu II Ndoli (1510-1543) ubwo yabohoraga u Rwanda nyuma y’imyaka irenga 10 ruri mu maboko y’abanyamahanga (Abanyabungo).

Waje kugirwa ihame ridakuka mu kinyejana cya 16 ubwo Umwami Ruganzu II Ndoli yabohoraga u Rwanda rwari rwarigaruriwe nyuma y’amacakubiri yatumye Umwami Ndahiro Cyamatare yicwa n’ababisha n’ingoma yarwo, Rwoga, ikanyagwa n’abanyamahanga.

Umuganura wabanzirizwaga n’icyunamo cya Gicurasi aho Abanyarwanda bibukaga urupfu rwa Cyamatare, hagakurikiraho ibirori bya Kamena bishimira ko habonetse Umutabazi, noneho bigasozwa no kwizihiza Umuganura bashimira Imana ko basubiranye igihugu n’ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda.

Cyari ikintu gikomeye bagombaga guhora bazirikana ngo batazongera guteshuka kuri iryo hame-remezo ry’uko bahuje byose: Inkomoko imwe, igihugu kimwe, amahame-remezo gishingiyeho n’indangagaciro zigize umuco.

Umuganura wmbuwe agaciro aho abakoloni bageze mu Rwanda. Kubera ko intwaro yabo yari amacakubiri, bihutiye guca umuco Nyarwanda wahuzaga Abanyarwanda, bityo baca Umuganura wabibutsaga umuco bahuriyeho ndetse n’Umwiru mukuru ushinzwe Umuganura Gashamura bamucira i Burundi mu 1925.

Umuganura waje kongera kwizihizwa buri mwaka muri za mirongo inani, ariko nabwo hagamijwe guha agaciro umusaruro w’ubuhinzi kuruta uw’ibindi byose kuko abayobozi b’icyo gihe bumvaga ko ngo “umurimo ari uguhinga, ibindi ari amahirwe.”

Ubwo Umuganura wizihizwaga hamurikwa umusaruro wabonetse mu buhinzi, kurusha kwizihiza ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda bushingiye ku muco umwe n’indangagaciro ziwugize.

  Agahugu kadasigasira umuco karacika!

Umusozi wa Huro uherereye mu Murenge wa Muhondo mu Karere ka Gakenke uzwi mu mitegurire y’Umuganura. Niho hategurirwaga umuganura ndetse Gihanga Ngomijana awutangiza yabikomoye ku bahatuye.

Mu kinyejana cya 16 ubwo Ruganzu II Ndori yari aturutse i Karagwe nyuma y’aho igihugu cyari cyarigaruriwe n’Abanyoro n’Abanyabungo, yifashishije ab’i Huro mu guha imbaraga Umuganura.

Mu mateka y’u Rwanda, ku munsi w’Umuganura ni bwo Umwami yagombaga gusangira na rubanda bishimira umusaruro babaga bagezeho.

Uko byagendaga mu muco ku munsi w’Umuganura, abasaza bahuriraga hamwe bakaganura bagafata ku marwa bakanywa, abakecuru bagateka umutsima n’ibishyimbo, bakagaburira abana bakabaha n’amata bakanywa.

Umuganura uhuza abaturage n’abayobozi bagasabana bishimira umusaruro wagezweho. Nubwo ukomoka mu bihe by’Abami ariko nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ntiwari mu minsi yizihizwa cyane mu gihugu.

Umuganura wagiraga n’undi mumaro wo kuzirikana umwami nka Nyir’uburumbuke bakamutura urutete rw’imyaka yeze.

Uyu muhango wakomeje gukorwa no mu yindi myaka yakurikiye ubutegetsi bwa cyami. Aha ntibasubiragamo imihango yose yakorwaga mu gihe cy’umwami kuko wabaye nk’uhindurirwa inyito n’ibyakorwaga muri wo.

Wasigaye ukorwa mu rwego rwo kwishimira umusaruro, Abanyarwanda bagahurira mu ngo z’abakungu bagasangira ibyo kurya bakanywa n’amayoga.

Mu mateka ariko umuhango w’Umuganura wigeze guhagarikwa na Rezida w’u Rwanda mu 1925.

  Umuganura mu isura nshya!

Umuganura ni Umuhango ukomeye mu mateka y’u Rwanda rwo hambere ari nacyo cyatumye Leta y’u Rwanda iwugarura ndetse ikawushyiriraho itegeko riwuha imbaraga zituma wizihizwa mu gihugu hose.

Kuganura ubu bifite igisobanuro cyo gusangira ku byavuye ku musaruro wejejwe mu gihugu hose.

Umuganura wizihizwa ku rwego rw’igihugu uhereye ku midugudu kugeza muri za Ambasade z’u Rwanda n’Imiryango y’Abanyarwanda baba mu mahanga. Ni umwanya wo kongera kwibuka ibyo Abanyarwanda bahuriyeho nk’igihugu, umuco karande, inkomoko n’ibindi.

Kwizihiza Umuganura byarenze imbibi zo kwita ku musaruro w’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi gusa ahubwo byanageze mu nzego zireba ubuzima n’iterambere by’Abanyarwanda mu kugaragaza urugendo rw’Abanyarwanda rwo kwigira no kwibohora nyako.

Umuganura wizihizwa hishimirwa umusaruro wagezweho mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo ubuzima, uburezi, ikoranabuhanga, imikino n’imyidagaduro, ubucuruzi, ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, ibikorwaremezo, inganda ndangamuco, ubukerarugendo n’ibindi.

Uyu munsi wizihizwa hamurikwa bimwe mu bikorwa by’ubuhinzi, ubworozi n’ubukorikori. Akenshi usozwa n’ibitaramo bibumbiyemo imbyino, imivugo n’indirimbo bishimangira umuco gakondo.

Muri iki gihe kandi abatishoboye batekerezwaho bakaremerwa binyuze mu guhabwa ibiribwa no gufashwa kwishyura mituweli.

Umuganura ufatwa nk’umunsi ukomeye ku Banyarwanda wo kwishimira ibyagezweho, kwisuzuma no kureba ibitaragenze neza, guhigira imyaka itaha n’ubusabane bw’abayobozi n’abayoborwa.

Ubusanzwe Umuganura wizihizwa buri mwaka ku wa Gatanu wa mbere muri Kanama. Muri uyu mwaka, uyu munsi uzizihizwa ku wa 7 Kanama 2020. Wahawe insanganyamatsiko igira iti “Umuganura, isoko y’ubumwe n’ishingiro ryo kwigira.”