Amwe mu mateka ya Bob Marley umaze imyaka 39 atabarutse
Bob Marley yamenyekanye ku isi yose, bitewe n’ubutumwa bufasha abakurikirana ibihangano bye yatangaga mu njyana ya Reggae ikunzwe n’abatari bake mu bice bitandukanye by’isi.
Ubusanzwe amazina ye ni Robert Nesta Marley, yavutse tariki ya 6 Gashyantare mu 1945, mu gihugu cya Jamaica. Uyu muhanzi akaba yaritabye Imana ku ya 11 Gicurasi 1981, mu mujyi wa Miami muri leta ya Florida muri Leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
Bob Marley akiri ku isi, yaranzwe no gukora indirimbo zakundwaga kandi zigikunzwe na benshi. Uyu mugabo ni umwe mu batumye umuziki wa Jamaica ndetse n’umuryango Rastafari umenyekana ku isi ndetse ubona abakunzi benshi.
Marley ni we muhanzi wa mbere ku isi mu bakora injyana ya Reggae wabashije kugurisha ibihangano byinshi dore ko yagurishije CD zigera kuri miliyoni 200.
Bob Marley yabyawe n’umugore w’umwirabura witwa Cedella Marley Booker wari ufite imyaka 18 na se w’umuzungu witwa Norval Marley wari ufite imyaka 50. Kuvuka muri ubu buryo byatumye Bob Marley ahura n’ibibazo by’ivangura mu bwana bwe kugeza abaye ingimbi. Se yitabye Imana afite imyaka 10 gusa.
Bob Marley ni umwe mu bahanzi bubatse izina ku rwego rw’isi, kugeza na n’ubu niwe muhanzi uzwi kurusha abandi washoboye guteza imbere no kumenyekanisha injyana ya reggae.
Mu gihe cye cy’ubugimbi, Bob Marley yavuye mu buzima bw’icyaro butari bumworoheye, ajya gushakisha ubuzima mu mujyi i Trenchtown muri Kingston. Ahageze yahamenyaniye na Neville Livingston wanitwaga Bunny Wailer na Winston Hubert McIntosh unitwa Peter Tosh bafatanyije guhimba no kuririmba.
Mu 1962, ku myaka 17 y’amavuko, nibwo Bob Marley yasohoye indirimbo ye ya mbere yise Judje Not bisobanura ngo Ntugace Urubanza. Muri icyo gihe indirimbo ze ntizakunzwe cyane ariko ntibyamuciye intege yakomeje gushyira ingufu ze mu buhanzi.
Mu 1963, afatanyije na Junior Braithwaithe, Peter Tosh na Bunny Wailer bakoze itsinda bise Wailers bisobanura ababibyi. Bashoboye gusinyana kontaro (contrat) na studio One mu 1964 bikaba byaraborohereje gusohora indirimbo zabo.
Nyuma yo gushyingiranwa na Ritha Anderson mu 1966, Bob Marley yasubiye gushaka nyina wari waramaze nawe gushaka undi mugabo w’umunya-Jamaica witwa Booker bakaba bari baragiye gutura muri Amerika. Bob yashatse akazi ko gukora muri hoteli yitwa Dupont, ariko ntibyamubuza kubibangikanya no kujya yandika indirimbo.
Kuba nta muterankunga ubifitiye ubushobozi yari afite, kugira ngo amufashe mu icuruzwa ry’ibihangano bye, indirimbo ze ntizagurwaga ku buryo bushimishije.
Ku bw’izo mpamvu Bob Marley byamuteye ubukene ku buryo kuba mu mujyi n’umugore we Ritha, ndetse n’abana babo babiri Cedella na Ziggy. Ibi byatumye asubira mu cyaro aho yavukiye mu 1967.
Nta mikoro ahagije, mu 1969 Bob Marley yongeye gusanga nyina muri Amerika. Ahageze yashatse akazi ko gukora mu ruganda rukora ibijyanye n’imodoka rwa Crysler. Umugore we n’abana nyuma baje kuhamusanga.
Imwe muri album ze zamumenyekanishije ikanagurwa kurusha izindi ni iyo yise ’No woman no cry’ aho iyi ndirimbo irimo ubutumwa buhumuriza umugore uba mu buzima bubi no guhohoterwa.
Tariki 3 Ukuboza mu 1976, Bob Marley yararusimbutse, i Kingston mbere ya konseri (concert) yari agiye gukora. Abantu batandatu bafite intwaro bamutegeye iwe, bamurasa isasu ryamufashe ukuboko, irindi mu gituza, mu itako, irindi rikomeretsa umugore we Ritha mu mutwe ariko ntiryamuhitana.
Don Taylor, umunyamerika wamufashaga mu bya muzika (manager) nawe yarashwe amasasu atandatu aramukomeretsa. Uwashoboye kumenyekana muri aba bagizi ba nabi harimo Jim Broun.
Nyuma y’uko ibi biba, Bob Marley yitabiriye igitaramo i Kingiston. Umwe mu banyamakuru amubajije impamvu yaje nyuma y’igihe gito agiriwe nabi, yaramusubije ngo niba abantu bagerageza guhungabanya isi bataruhuka, ni gute njye nabikora?
Ku iherezo ry’ubuzima bwe, Bob Marley yayobotse idini y’aba orthodox bo muri Ethiopie. Bob Marley yifuje gusoreza ubuzima bwe muri Ethiopie ariko ntibyashobotse kuko yaguye i Miami ku ya 11 Gicurasi 1981. Yashyinguwe ku ya 21 Gicurasi muri paruwasi yavukiyemo ya Mutagatifu Ann, aho uyu muhango witabiriwe n’abantu benshi.
Bob Marley yagiye afatwa n’abantu bo mu bihe bitandukanye nk’umuvugizi w’abatagira kivurira. Yashatse kugaragaza uburyo amateka y’abirabura yacuritswe.
Abana ba Bob Marley bazwi ni 11, harimo batanu yabyaranye n’umugore we Ritha, harimo babiri muri bo batari abe. Umukobwa we mukuru Imani Carole, wavutse ku ya 22 gicurasi 1963 ntiyigeze amwemera, akaba yaramubyaranye na Cheryl Muray. Nyuma yo gushakana na Ritha, Bob yakiriye umwana witwa Sharon amurerana n’abe.
Bamwe mu bana be babaye abahanzi nka se harimo: Ky-Mani Marley, Damian Marley, Ziggy Marley, Julian Marley Rohan Marley we yabaye umukinnyi wabigize umwuga mu mupira w’amaguru muri Amerika.
Abana ba Bob Marley:
1. Cedella Marley yavutse ku ya 23 Kanama 1967, ku mugore witwa Rita;
2. David Ziggy, yavutse ku ya 17 ukwakira 1968, ku mugore witwa Rita;
3. Stephen, yavutse ku ya 20 Mata 1972, ku mugore witwa Rita;
4. Robert Robbie yavutse ku ya 16 Gicurasi 1972, ku mugore witwa Pat Williams;
5. Rohan yavutse ku ya 19 Gicurasi 1972, ku mugore witwa Janet Hunt;
6. Karen, yavutse 1973, ku mugore witwa Janet Bowen;
7. Stephanie yavutse ku ya 17 kanama 1974 umukobwa Rita yabyaranye n’undi mugabo witwa Ital ariko bob aramwakira nk’umwana we;
8. Julian yavutse ku ya 4 kamena 1975, ku mugore witwa Lucy Pounder;
9. Ky-Mani 1976, amubyarana na Anita Belnavis;
10. Damian Junior Gong yavutse ku ya 21 Nyakanga 1978, ku mugore witwa Cindy Breakspeare.
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