Amwe mu mateka ya perezida paul Kagame wujuje imyaka 62
Perezida wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda, Paul Kagame, yavukiye hafi y’umujyi wa Ruhango mu ntara y’Amajyepfo, mu cyahoze ari Komine Tambwe yari imwe mu zari zigize Perefegitura ya Gitarama. Icyo gihe avuka hari tariki 23 Ukwakira 1957, bivuga ko kuri uyu wa gatatu tariki 23 Ukwakira 2019, yizihiza isabukuru y’amavuko y’imyaka 62.
Muri iyi nkuru uramenyeramo byinshi kuri Paul Kagame ubwe, inzira y’ubuzima yanyuzemo n’ibindi bitandukanye byamuranze.
Perezida Paul Kagame ni Perezida wa 6 mu bayoboye u Rwanda, akaba ayobora iki gihugu guhera tariki 24 Werurwe 2000 uhereye igihe yayoboraga inzibacyuho, ubu imyaka ikaba imaze kuba 16 n’amezi 6 ari kuri uyu mwanya w’ubuyobozi. Paul Kagame wari Visi Perezida mbere yo kugera kuri uyu mwanya, yagiye ku buyobozi asimbuye Pasteur Bizimungu wari weguye. Mbere y’umwaka w’1994, Perezida Kagame yari ayoboye ingabo za RPA Inkotanyi zabohoye igihugu, icyo gihe yari umusirikare wari ufite ipeti rya General Major.
Umuryango Paul Kagame akomokamo
Paul Kagame ni mwene Deogratius Rutagambwa na Asteria Rutagambwa bari batuye i Tambwe ya Gitarama mbere yo guhungira hanze y’igihugu. Se wa Paul Kagame ari we Deogratius Rutagambwa, akomoka mu muryango umwe n’umwami Mutara III, ariko ntiyahisemo kubaho ubuzima bushamikiye cyane ku ngoma ya cyami ahubwo yahisemo kubaho ubuzima bwe busanzwe. Asteria Rutagambwa; nyina wa Paul Kagame, akomoka mu muryango w’umugabekazi wa nyuma u Rwanda rwagize mbere y’uko ingoma ya cyami icyura igihe, uwo akaba ari Rosalie Gicanda. Paul Kagame niwe muhererezi mu muryango wabo, akaba avukana n’abandi bana batanu bakuru kuri we, na we wa gatandatu.
Paul Kagame n’umuryango we berekeza iy’ubuhunzi
Mu gihe ivanguramoko ryibasiraga abo mu bwoko bw’abatutsi, umuryango wa Paul Kagame uri mu miryango yatotejwe maze abasaga ibihumbi 100 bakava mu byabo bagahungira mu bihugu by’abaturanyi. Mu mwaka w’1959, umuryango wa Paul Kagame warahunze ujya kuba mu majyaruguru y’Uburasirazuba bw’u Rwanda aho wamaze imyaka ibiri, hanyuma baza kwerekeza mu gihugu cya Uganda, abo bagiye kuba mu nkambi ya Nshungerezi. Icyo gihe hari mu mwaka w’1962, Paul Kagame yari afite imyaka 5 gusa y’amavuko. Muri icyo gihe, ninabwo Paul Kagame yaje guhura bwa mbere na Fred Gisa Rwigema waje kuba inshuti ye ikomeye.
Paul Kagame mu mashuri
Paul Kagame yatangiriye amashuri hafi y’inkambi y’impunzi, aho we n’abandi bana b’impunzi bigiye icyongereza bagatangira no kumenyera iby’umuco w’abagande. Ku myaka 9 y’amavuko, yimukiye ku kindi kigo cy’amashuri abanza cya Rwengoro, mu bilometero bibarirwa muri 16 uvuye aho, maze aza kuharangiza amashuri abanza afite amanota meza kurusha abandi mu karere, biza kumugeza mu kigo cya Ntare, kimwe mu bigo byiza kurusha ibindi muri Uganda, dore ko na Perezida Museveni wa Uganda ariho yize amashuri ye.
Paul Kagame yapfushije Se mu myaka y’1970 ndetse muri icyo gihe aza kuburana na Fred Rwigema atari azi aho aherereye, maze ibi byose bituma amanota yagiraga mu ishuri agabanuka ariko ishyaka ryo kuzarwanya icyatumye we na bagenzi be b’abanyarwanda bahunga igihugu rikomeza kwiyongera. Yavuye ku kigo cya Ntare arangiriza amashuri yisumbuye ku kindi kigo cyo mu mujyi wa Kampala ariko ntiyagira amanota yo hejuru cyane nk’uko byari bisanzwe.
Igisirikare n’inzira y’intambara yo kubohora u Rwanda
Nyuma yo kurangiza amashuri yisumbuye, Paul Kagame yasuye u Rwanda inshuro ebyiri, mu mwaka w’1977 no mu mwaka w’1978. Icyo gihe yari umusore muto w’imyaka hagati ya 20 na 21 gusa y’amavuko. Yageze mu Rwanda aza no kubasha guhura n’abandi bo mu muryango we, ariko kuko yari azi ko ari impunzi akaba ashobora gutabwa muri yombi, byatumye agira amakenga maze mu gusubira mu Rwanda yinjirira mu cyahoze ari Zaire aho guca ku mupaka wa Uganda, ngo hatagira uwagira icyo amukeka. Icyo gihe nibwo yakoze ibishoboka byose amenya neza igihugu, uko abantu babayeho na Politiki yacyo, anagira abantu amenyana nabo, ibi bikaba byaraje no kumufasha mu myaka myinshi yakurikiyeho.
Mu mwaka w’1978, Fred Rwigema yongeye kubonana na Paul Kagame, maze Rwigema amenyesha Kagame ko mu gihe atari ahari, yabashije kwihuza n’umutwe w’inyeshyamba za Yoweri Museveni wari uri mu gihugu cya Tanzania, dore ko Museveni icyo gihe yashakaga guhirika Idi Amin wayoboraga Uganda. Mu 1979, Fred Rwigema yasubiye muri Tanzania gushyigikira Museveni mu ntambara bari bashyigikiwemo n’ingabo za Tanzania ndetse n’abandi bagande bari barahunze igihugu, maze batsinda Idi Amin bamuhirika ku butegetsi.
Gutsindwa kwa Idi Amin, byatumye Kagame n’abandi basore b’impunzi, babifashijwemo na Fred Rwigema, bihuza n’ingabo za Museveni wari wamaze kwinjizwa mu bagize guverinoma y’inzibacyuho. Kagame yagiye muri Tanzania maze Leta ya Tanzania yari ishyigikiye ubutegetsi bushya bwa Uganda, imuha imyitozo mu by’ubutasi.
Mu 1980, muri Uganda habaye amatora maze Milton Obote aba ari we uyatsinda, Museveni yanga kwemera ibyayavuyemo ndetse we n’abo bari kumwe bahita begura muri guverinoma yari igiye kuyoborwa na Obote, bayoboka iy’ishyamba ngo bazabashe guhirika Obote.
Kagame na Rwigema nabo bahise biyunga kuri we, bagamije icya mbere kurwanirira impunzi z’Abanyarwanda zicwaga na Obote, ariko banafite umugambi wo gushaka ubunararibonye bwazabafasha gusubira mu gihugu cyabo bagatahukana n’izindi mpunzi. Mu 1986, ingabo 14.000 zirimo abanyarwanda 500 zafashe umujyi wa Uganda, Museveni aba Perezida maze Kagame na Rwigema ahita abagira abasirikare bakomeye mu gisirikare cya Uganda. Kagame icyo gihe yari akuriye ibiro by’ubutasi.
Mu mwaka w’1989, Perezida Habyarimana wayoboraga u Rwanda hamwe na benshi mu basirikare ba Uganda, bashyize mu majwi Museveni ko aha impunzi z’abanyarwanda imyanya ikomeye mu gisirikare, maze biza gutuma abakura kuri iyi myanya ariko bakomeza kuba inkoramutima ze.
Ibi byatumye bakaza umurego wo gushaka uko bazabohora u Rwanda, baza kwinjira muri RPF yari imaze igihe ishinzwe, ndetse Fred Rwigema ahita ayiyobora nyuma y’igihe gito ayinjiyemo, maze bakomeza ibikorwa byo gutegura intambara yo kubohora u Rwanda.
Mu kwezi k’Ukwakira 1990, ingabo zirenga 4000 za RPF zari ziyobowe na Fred Rwigema zinjiye i Kagitumba, bagera hafi y’ibirometero 60 uvuye i Gabiro. Icyo gihe Paul Kagame ntiyari ahari, yari mu masomo ya gisirikare muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Fred Rwigema wari uyoboye urugamba, yarashwe ku munsi wa gatatu w’igitero maze bituma ingabo yari ayoboye zishoberwa.
Uko Kagame yafashe icyemezo cyo kuva muri Amerika
Mu kiganiro Perezida Paul Kagame yagiranye mu minsi ishize n’ikinyamakuru Financial Times, yasobanuye inzira y’urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda, ava imuzi n’imuzingo ingorane bahuye nazo muri urwo rugamba ndetse anakomoza ku kuntu urugamba rujya gutangira mu 1990, yafashe icyemezo cyo kuva mu kigo cya gisirikare kiri i Kansas muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ariko abakomanda b’icyo kigo bikabagora kumwumva.
Perezida Kagame ati: “Muri Kansas, mu kigo cya gisirikare cya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (US Army Command and General Staff College), nari mpari nk’umugande. Ubwo rero, igihe urugamba rwatangiraga, tariki 1 Ukwakira mu 1990, cyari igihe nyacyo twagombaga gukora igishoboka cyose ndetse tukiyemeza guhangana n’ibyo twari guhuriramo byose, ariko twagombaga kugira icyo dukora… Ni uko rero ubwo najyaga kureba abakomanda b’ikigo nkababwira ko ngomba guhagarika, byarabayobeye, byababereye urujijo. Barambwiye bati ibyo se birakureba aho iki? Ibyo mu Rwanda birakurebaho iki? Wowe uri umugande! Ni uko umukomanda wabimbwiye ndamubwira nti, si byo. Naje hano nitwa umugande, ariko hari ikindi kintu cyabaye kirimo gutuma ubu ngomba kuba uwo nahoze ndiwe kuva mu gihe kirekire gishize… Ni uko nahavuye, ndagaruka, ubwo umukomanda wari uyoboye urugamba yari yishwe umunsi ukurikira itangizwa ryarwo, Fred Rwigyema yari yishwe, mpageze mbona ibintu byazambye…”
Perezida Kagame yasobanuye ko ubwo yamaraga kugaruka, Fred Gisa Rwigema amaze kwicwa, yumvaga atazi aho azahera. Bamwe mu basirikare bakomeye yahasanze, batangiye kumubwira ko ibyiza basubira muri Uganda bagasaba Perezida Museveni ko bakongera kuba muri Uganda nk’impunzi, aha ngo amahitamo yari abiri; kwemera kongera bakaba impunzi no gukomeza urugamba rutoroshye, ari nacyo cyari gikomeye cyane ariko ninacyo bahisemo.
Abenshi muri aba basirikare, ngo icyabateye imbaraga zo gushikama bakarwana urwo rugamba, ni uko bari barikuyemo ibitekerezo byo gusubira muri Uganda nk’ingabo zatsinzwe ngo bongere basabe ko bahabwa umwanya nk’impunzi. Ni uko baje kwiyemeza ko bagomba gushaka uko bisuganya, bajya mu bice bitari kure cyane y’umupaka wa Uganda, berecyeza mu misozi.
Kagame ubwo yasubiraga muri Afrika akayobora urugamba, ingabo zari zatatanye kuburyo hari hasigaye abatarenga 2000, ariko yarabahuje barisuganya banasaba ubufasha mu mpunzi z’abanyarwanda bari mu bihugu bitandukanye, maze muri Mutarama 1991, Paul Kagame n’ingabo ze bongera gutera u Rwanda banyuze mu majyaruguru, babikora batunguranye kuko bari barabanje kwisuganyiriza mu birunga.
Intambara yarakomeje, bigera aho hatangira imishyikirano y’amahoro, yaberaga i Arusha muri Tanzania, ari nabwo abatutsi mu Rwanda batangiraga kwicwa cyane. Byarakomeje kugeza ubwo indege ya Habyarimana yahanurwaga mu 1994 amasezerano y’amahoro yo gucyura impunzi atarashyirwa mu bikorwa, General Major Paul Kagame n’ingabo yari ayoboye bahangana noneho n’urugamba rwo guhagarika Jenoside rwaje gusozwa muri Nyakanga 1994.
Paul Kagame n’umuryango w’abamukomokaho
Tariki 10 Kamena 1989, Paul Kagame yashakanye na Jeanette Nyiramongi wari warahungiye i Nairobi muri Kenya we n’umuryango we. Bakoreye ubukwe mu gihugu cya Uganda. Kagame yari yarasabye abo mu muryango we kumurangira umugore ukwiriye, baza kumurangira Jeanette maze ajya kumusura muri Kenya, nawe amusaba kuzamusura muri Uganda.
Jeanette yakunze cyane gahunda ya RPF yo gushaka uko impunzi zazatahuka zigasubira mu Rwanda, bakomeza umubano wabo igihe kiragera bararushinga. Ubu bafitanye abana bane, abahungu batatu n’umukobwa umwe. Imfura yabo ni Yvan Cyomoro Kagame, ubuheta ni Ange Ingabire Kagame, hagakurikiraho Ian Kagame n’umuhererezi Brian Kagame.
Perezida Paul Kagame kuri iyi tariki yujuje imyaka 62 y’amavuko ,tumwifurije isabukuru nziza.
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