Hari impungenge zuko ubwandu bushya bwa Coronavirus bushobora kuba bwarageze mu Rwanda
Mu minsi 11 ishize, mu Rwanda hamaze kugaragara ubwandu bwa Coronavirus ku bantu 1083, mu gihe mu minsi ine abamaze gupfa bo ari icyenda. Ni imibare iri hejuru ku buryo budasanzwe kuva iki cyorezo cyagaragara bwa mbere mu gihugu; hari ubwoba ko bishoboka ko ubwoko bushya bwacyo bwaba bwarageze mu gihugu.
Magingo aya, Isi yose ihangayikishijwe n’ubwoko bushya bwa Coronavirus bwatangiye kugaragara mu Bwongereza mu ntangiriro z’uku kwezi. Bivugwa ko ubu bwoko bukwirakwira ku kigero cya 70% kurusha virus isanzwe.
Bwibasiye cyane igice cy’Amajyepfo y’u Bwongereza aho umubare w’abantu banduye bari mu bitaro ukomeje kuzamuka cyane mu bice bya Londres na Kent.
Ku rundi ruhande, ubu bwoko bwamaze no kugaragara mu bindi bihugu birimo n’iby’Afurika nka Afurika y’Epfo. Mu Rwanda hari impungenge ko iki cyorezo gishya cyaba cyarageze no mu gihugu cyane ko uburyo bwo kugitahura butaraboneka.
Umuyobozi w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubuzima, Dr. Sabin Nsanzimana, mu kiganiro yagiranye na RBA yavuze ko virus nyinshi zihinduranya cyane kugira ngo zibashe kubaho mu buzima bwazo.
Izo virus zihinduranya ni izifite umutima witwa RNA ushinzwe kubika amakuru ya virus ndetse ukayifasha kwihinduranya. Covid-19 nayo ni imwe muri izo virus, ku buryo n’abashakashatsi bari biteze ko ishobora kwihinduranya.
RNA, Ribonucleic Acid, umuntu yayisobanura nk’intima nto zihuza kugira ngo zikore igikorwa runaka. Urugero, ihuriro rya RNA ni zo zihura kugira ngo zikore ibyubaka umubiri (protéine) bifasha ingingo zawo gukura.
RNA ni yo yifashishijwe n’abahanga mu gukora inkingo bakora urwa Pfizer / BionTech ndetse n’urwa Moderna.
Kwihinduranya kwa virus bizwi nka ‘mutation’ mu ndimi z’amahanga, kubaho mu buryo bubiri. Ubwa mbere iba yihinduranyije ku buryo bukabije cyane mu gihe ubwa kabiri bwitwa ‘minor mutation’ iba yihinduranyije ku buryo bworoheje ndetse bikunda kugaragara kuri virus nyinshi cyane zirimo na Covid-19 ubu.
Dr. Nsanzimana yavuze ko virus iba ifite na “code” iyiranga, iba igizwe n’inyuguti nyinshi, iyo rero ibipimo bigaragaje ko izo nyuguti za virus ziri kwihinduranya cyane kuva aho zitangirira kugeza aho zirangirira byitwa “major mutation” kandi biba biteye inkeke kuko imiti n’inkingo bitayibasha.
Kugeza ubu kwihinduranya kwa Covid-19 ntabwo kuragera ku rugero rwo hejuru ku buryo imiti cyangwa inkingo bitakora, gusa igiteye impungenge ni uko yihinduranyije ku buryo yandura ku rugero rwo hejuru cyane, nubwo hataragaragara niba yatuma umuntu aremba cyane cyangwa abura ubuzima byihuse.
Ubu bwoko bushya bwa Coronavirus buracyari gukorwaho iperereza, bwahawe izina rya VUI-202012/01.
Mu Rwanda yaba yarahageze?
Dr Nsanzimana yavuze ko kugeza ubu mu Rwanda hataragaragara ubu bwoko bushya bw’iyi virus kuko nta buryo bwo kuyibona buhari.
Ati “Mu Rwanda kugeza ubu ntabwo turabona ubwihinduranye bw’iyo virus ku mpamvu navuga ebyiri. Iya mbere no kubibona ntabwo ari ibintu byoroshye […] bisaba tekinike yo kujya muri ako karemangingo ukakigaho indani […] ni ubushobozi turi kubaka muri laboratorie nkuru y’igihugu, tumaze nk’amezi abiri tubikora.”
“Ariko mu by’ukuri mu zo dufite ubu nko kuri HIV turabikora, kuri Hepatite turabikora tukamenya ubwoko bwa virus yaba yanihinduranyije tukabibona. Kuri Covid ni bishya ntabwo turabigeraho, ni nayo mpamvu tudashobora kuvuga ngo irahari cyangwa ntihari.”
Dr. Nsanzimana yakomoje kandi ku mpamvu mu gihugu hari kugaragara umubare munini w’abantu banduye Coronavirus kurusha mbere ndetse n’uw’abarembye nawo ukaba uri hejuru aho ubu hari 26 bari kongererwa umwuka.
Yavuze ko kuba hari umubare munini w’abandura bishobora guterwa n’ibihe by’imvura n’ubukonje bituma habaho udukoko dutera ibicurane cyangwa se aka gakoko kakaba karihinduranyije ariko bikaba bitaramenyekana.
Ati “Birashoboka ko iyi virus yihinduranya n’aha yaba ihari, icyo nacyo ntabwo twagishyira ku ruhande. Kuko iyo urebye abantu bari kugira ibimenyetso, nko mu kwa munani twagiraga 70% nta kimenyetso na kimwe, ariko uyu munsi byagabanutse hafi umuntu umwe kuri babiri mu bo turi gupima ari kuba bafite ibimenyetso.”
Dr Nsanzimana yakomeje avuga ko hari itsinda ryoherejwe mu Bwongereza gukurikirana ibijyanye n’iyi virus ndetse ko u Rwanda ruri gukorana n’izindi nzego ku buryo guhanahana amakuru kuri yo byoroha.
Ati “Ikintu navuze ni uko iri kwihuta kwandura, ikitaragaragara ni niba yihuta kurembya uwahuye nayo cyangwa se yihutisha abantu kuba bakwitaba Imana. Ibyo bibiri kugeza ubu nta makuru agaragara kuko hari itsinda ryoherejwe mu Bwongereza kubikurikirana.”
“N’ibihugu byose byasabwe gutanga ayo makuru, hari urubuga dushyiraho amakuru nk’aya igihe tubibonye, ariko ubirebesheje n’amaso ukareba uburyo abarwayi bari kuremba vuba birihuta n’abapfaga imibare yatangiye kuzamuka.”
“Ishobora kuba ari Covid isanzwe yakwiriye ahantu henshi cyangwa se n’iyo yihuta ishobora no gutuma umuntu aremba vuba birashoboka, kugeza ubu nta na kimwe umuntu yashyira ku ruhande.”
Mu Cyumweru cya tariki ya 9 Ukuboza 2020, mu Mujyi wa Londres 62% by’ubwandu bwa COVID-19 bwari buturutse kuri ubu bwoko bushya bw’iyi virus. Ni umubare munini ugereranyije na 28% ry’ubwandu bwagaragaye mu cyumweru cyari cyabanje.
Usibye u Bwongereza, Guverinoma ya Australie, u Butaliyani n’u Buholandi zatangaje ko zatahuye ubu bwoko bushya bwa COVID-19. Mu Buholandi ho bwahagaragaye mu ntangiriro z’uku kwezi. Iceland na Denmark ni ibindi bihugu nabyo byatangaje ko byabonye ubu bwoko bushya bw’iki cyorezo.
Ntabwo abashakashatsi baremeza niba inkingo nk’urwakozwe na Pfizer/BioNtech cyangwa izindi zishobora kurinda ikwirakwira ry’ubu bwoko bushya bwa Covid-19.
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